Caribbean Family History
From September 2006 to October 2007, Solihull Libraries ran Caribbean Family History courses in partnership with Solihull College.
We believe these to have been the first such courses to run in the UK and they were externally funded through the Equal programme of the European Social Fund.
During the 10-week courses, students learned the basics of family history research. They looked at birth, marriage and death records registered in this country and in the various Caribbean islands. They found out how to link up with others researching the same families, looked at ships' passenger lists, learned how slavery issues affected the records that were kept and discovered that it was possible to trace ancestors back to at least the1840s without having to leave the UK.
Beginning your research
The basic principles of family history apply wherever your ancestors are from. You should always start with yourself and work backwards. Talking to family members is vital and even quite distant relatives can have really important information. Read our general family history pages for information on how to begin and how to record what you find.
Births, marriages and deaths
Records of births, marriages and deaths are the most vital records for family history. For anyone who was born, married or died in England & Wales after 1st July 1837, then it should still be possible to obtain copies of the certificates. Read our guide to births, marriages and deaths for further information.
The common use of pet names within families of Caribbean descent may make it very difficult to identify people in official records if the formal names are not known. Make sure you ask family members if they know relatives' full names as well as their pet names.
Registration of births, marriages and deaths by the state, called civil registration, began at different dates in the various Caribbean islands. Many of the records have been microfilmed by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS), often referred to as Mormons, and are available for you to order to look at in this country. See our page on LDS Family History Centres for further information.
Church records
Before the establishment of civil registration, church records of baptism, marriage and burial are particularly useful. For most of the older British colonies, the Anglican church was the most popular church but for those countries captured from the French, the Roman Catholic church was more important.
Nonconformist churches such as Moravian, Baptist and Methodist churches began to be established from the 1780s and may also be a useful source of family records.
Sometimes, church records will still be at the church concerned but many will be at the main library or archive centre. Some have been microfilmed and are available via your local LDS Family History Centre.
Ships' Passenger Lists
Most people came to England from the Caribbean by boat and may be listed on the passenger lists of the ship they sailed on. Many people from the West Indies arrived by train in London via Calais and Dover after disembarking from ships at continental ports. There are no records of these passengers in records held in England but they may be recorded in the countries where they disembarked.
For ships arriving in Britain, the National Archives holds inward passenger lists for 1878-1960 (catalogue reference BT26).
Inwards passenger lists between March 1948 and October 1960 detailing Indian and Caribbean migrants to the UK have been indexed by ship and by person and are available on the Moving Here website Click on 'search the catalogue' and make sure 'catalogue of digitised records' is selected.
Slave registers
The trading of slaves in the British Empire was abolished in 1807, although slavery itself was not abolished until 1834. To combat illicit transportation, many British colonies kept lists of so-called 'lawfully enslaved' black slaves.
Registers were usually compiled every three years from approximately 1814 until slavery was finally abolished in 1834. These registers are being made available on the Ancestry website, which you can access free of charge from all Solihull libraries.
Individual islands
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Anguilla
Anguilla was part of St Christopher until 1980 so it is likely that most records will be in St Kitts.
Government website: http://www.gov.ai/vitalrecords.htm
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at: http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Anguilla&type=parish -
Antigua
Civil registration began in 1856.
Antigua and Barbuda Public Library website: http://www.thepubliclibrary.edu.ag
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at: http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Antigua&type=parish -
Bahamas
Civil registration began in 1931, although there was voluntary registration from 1802.
Bahamas National Archives - http://www.bahamasnationalarchives.bs/
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Bahamas&type=parish -
Barbados
Civil registration of births and marriages began in 1890 and deaths in 1925.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Barbados&type=parish -
Belize
Civil registration began in 1885.
Belize Archives - http://www.belizearchives.gov.bz/
Search the LDS Family History Library Catalogue to see what records may be available for Belize: http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Library/FHLC/frameset_fhlc.asp -
Bermuda
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at: http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Bermuda&type=parish -
British Virgin Islands
Civil registration began in 1858.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Virgin%20Islands(British)&type=parish -
Cayman Islands
Civil registration began in 1885.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Cayman%20Islands&type=parish -
Dominica
Civil registration began in1861.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Dominica&type=parish -
Grenada
Civil registration began in 1866.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Grenada&type=parish -
Guyana
Civil registration began in 1869.
Search the LDS Family History Library Catalogue to see what records may be available for Guyana: http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Library/FHLC/frameset_fhlc.asp -
Jamaica
Civil registration began in 1878, although there was voluntary registration between 1825-1844.
Registrar General's Dept - http://www.rgd.gov.jm/
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Jamaica&type=parish
http://www.jamaicanfamilysearch.com/
A wealth of records relating to Jamaica - some are available to registered members only.
http://genforum.genealogy.com/jamaica/
See if anyone else is researching the same family as you. -
Montserrat
Civil registration began in 1862.
Search the LDS Family History Library Catalogue to see what records may be available for Montserrat: http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Library/FHLC/frameset_fhlc.asp -
Nevis
Civil registration began in 1862.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Nevis&type=parish -
St Christopher (St Kitts)
Civil registration began in 1859.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Saint%20Kitts&type=parish -
St Lucia
Civil registration began in 1869.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Saint%20Lucia&type=parish -
St Vincent
Civil registration began in 1864.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Saint%20Vincent&type=parish -
Tobago
Civil registration began in 1868.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Trinidad%20and%20Tobago&type=parish -
Trinidad
Civil registration began in 1848.
Records available at LDS Family History Centres are listed on the Hyde Park Family History Centre website at:
http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/cgi-bin/catalog.exe?country=Caribbean&county=Trinidad%20and%20Tobago&type=parish -
Turks and Caicos Islands
Civil registration began in 1863 although there was voluntary registration from 1802.
Turks and Caicos National Museum - http://www.tcmuseum.org/
Search the LDS Family History Library Catalogue to see what records may be available for the Turks and Caicos Islands: http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Library/FHLC/frameset_fhlc.asp
Useful links
Moving here website - http://www.movinghere.org.uk/
BBC website - Caribbean family history - www.bbc.co.uk/history/familyhistory/get_started/caribbean_01.shtml
Hyde Park Family History Centre - http://www.hydeparkfhc.org/
Has the largest collection in the UK of Caribbean records (particularly for Jamaica and Barbados)
Useful addresses of libraries, archives and register offices - www.movinghere.org.uk/galleries/roots/caribbean/lifeevents/usefuladdresses.htm
Paul Crooks' website - http://www.netcomuk.co.uk/~prcrooks/
Paul has researched his family from London to Jamaica and back to Africa. His novel, Ancestors, is based on his research.
Empire's children - http://channel4.empireschildren.co.uk/
Further reading
Tracing your West Indian ancestors, 2nd ed. by Guy Grannum
The appendix lists all the available records, island by island.
Ancestors by Paul Crooks
A novel based on the author's family history research from Jamaica back to Ghana. Includes 'afterword' indicating how he researched his family tree.
Tracing ancestors in Barbados: a practical guide by Geraldine Lane
Empire's children: trace your family history across the world by Anton Gill
Book to accompany the Channel 4 series where six celebrities trace their ancestors across the British Empire.
Jamaican records: a research manual by Stephen Porter
Comprehensive list of records available in Jamaica and England.